Microbiology

Virology & Viral Pathogenesis

Virology and viral pathogenesis explore the structure, replication, evolution, and disease mechanisms of viruses affecting humans, animals, and plants. Understanding viral entry, genome expression, immune evasion, and host manipulation provides critical insights into how infections develop and spread. High-resolution imaging, sequencing technologies, and molecular virology tools reveal intricate steps of viral life cycles. Viral evolution studies highlight mutation dynamics, recombination events, and emergence of novel strains with pandemic potential. Knowledge gained supports advancements in antiviral therapies, vaccine design, and immune-based prevention strategies. Investigating zoonotic transmissions and reservoir hosts strengthens preparedness for future outbreaks. Viral pathogenesis research also uncovers how chronic infections influence long-term health and how viruses contribute to cancers or immune-related disorders. Continued exploration drives innovation in therapeutics, diagnostics, and global health protection.